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Niebla siphonoloba
''Niebla siphonoloba'' is a fruticose lichen that grows on rocks along the foggy Pacific Coast of North America, in the Channel Islands (Santa Cruz Island), and from Bahía de San Quintín, Baja California to the Vizcaíno Peninsula.〔Spjut, R. W. 1996. ''Niebla'' and ''Vermilacinia'' (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California. Sida Bot. Misc. 14〕 The epithet, ''siphonoloba'' is in reference to the pipe-like shape of the thallus branches.
==Distinguishing Features==
''Niebla siphonoloba'' is distinguished by a thallus divided into relatively few—less than 20–branches from a pale rusty orange pigmented holdfast, the branches generally cylindrical, stubby, oblong to linear in outline,〔Oblong, linear: branches with parallel margins. Oblong: branch length less than 10 times width. Linear: branch length 10 or more times width〕 to 5 cm long and 1.5–3(-5) mm wide, most simple, some branched above the middle, more frequently branched near apex in thalli on Santa Cruz Island, short wavy (sinuous) along marginal and intermarginal cortical ridges, occasionally with short rounded lobes, especially near apex, and by containing sekikaic acid, with triterepenes.〔 The cortex is relatively thin, 35–75 (-100) µm thick, with the cortical ridges much like a honeycomb.〔 Black dot-like pycnidia〔Pycnidium (pycnidia plural) is a small flash-shaped structure (generally 200–350 µm long in ''Niebla'') that produces conidia, which escape through an opening (ostiole) at the top and function in reproduction, asexually or sexually〕〔Bungartz, F. 2002. Morphology and anatomy of conidia-producing structures, Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert 1: 35–40〕 appear inconspicuous and sparsely distributed except on upper branches.〔 Apothecia appear terminal and subterminal on branches, often clustered, especially thalli on Santa Cruz Island.〔 Similar species are ''Niebla rugosa'', distinguished by the lichen substance of divaricatic acid and by the ladder like transverse ridges between margins and by the acute marginal ridges, ''Niebla podetiaforma'', distinguished by finely reticulate cortical surface between margins, ''Niebla contorta'', distinguished by the broadly rounded terminal lobes, and ''Niebla undulata'' that differs in having smooth recessed cortical areas between ridges.〔
The species (''N. siphonoloba'') seems to form hybrids with ''Niebla suffnessii'' (sekikaic acid), ''Niebla marinii'' (salazinic acid) on mesas north of Punta Canoas, and ''Niebla fimbriata'' on Santa Cruz Island as evident from cortical ridges.〔''Niebla siphonoloba'', retrieved 22 Dec 2014, http://www.worldbotanical.com/niebla_siphonoloba.htm#siphonoloba〕 Thalli on Santa Cruz Island also appear intermediate in branching and cortical features to the more densely branched ''Niebla dactylifera'' (sekikaic acid) that is found only on San Nicolas Island, and to the typical (simple) branch form that occurs in Baja California.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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